강원 지역 패류생산해역에 미치는 육상오염원의 세균학적 영향
Bacteriological Effects of Land Pollution Source on the Shellfish Growing Area in Gangwon Province
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김판구 (Pan-Goo Kim)
- 발행기관 국립강릉원주대학교 일반대학원
- 발행년도 2022
- 학위수여년월 2023. 2
- 학위명 박사
- 학과 및 전공 도움말 일반대학원 해양식품공학과
- 세부분야 해당없음
- 파일정보 20208013(김판구).hwp
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/kangnung/000000011391
- UCI I804:42001-000000011391
- 본문언어 한국어
초록/요약 도움말
The production, consumption and exportation of Korean fishery products has increased every year since 1990. For this reason, the shellfish growing area is increasing in Korea. Korea is the fourth largest producer of shellfish in the world, and the shellfish production volume was 52.8 million tons, making up 13.8 % of the total fishery products in 2019. However, food poisoning from eating shellfishes contaminated by microorganisms is often occurring. The bacteriological safety of shellfish is very important in the shellfish growing area because the shellfish growing area is often effected by land pollutant sources, stream water and domestic water. This study was carried out to evaluate the bacteriological effect of land pollutant sources on the seawater and shellfish in shellfish growing area by rainfall at sea of Yangyang-gun, Gangneung-si and north sea area of Samcheok-si in East sea, Korea. The total 65 samples (28 samples of land pollutant sources , 6 samples of shellfishes and 31 samples of seawater ) were collected from Yangyang-gun in East Sea, Korea, before and after rainfall. And then, the counts of fecal coliform, coliform group and Escherichia coli in land pollutant sources, seawater and shellfish were evaluated. The range of fecal coliform in land pollutant sources, shellfish and seawater at the day before rainfall were 6.8~1,800 MPN/100 mL, 45~230 MPN/100 g and <1.8~430 MPN/100 mL respectively. The range of coliform group in land pollutant sources, shellfish and seawater at the day before rainfall were 22~1,800 MPN/100 mL, 70~330 MPN/100 g and 2.0~1,200 MPN/100 mL respectively. The range of E. coli in shellfish at the day before rainfall was 40~90 MPN/100 g. The range of fecal coliform in land pollutant sources, shellfish and seawater at 1st day after rainfall were 39~11,000 MPN/100 mL, 70~1,800 MPN/100 g and <1.8~1,100 MPN/100 mL respectively. The range of coliform group in land pollutant sources, shellfish and seawater at 1st day after rainfall were 68~ >160,000 MPN/100 mL, 260~3,300 MPN/100 g and 4.5~1,800 MPN/100 mL respectively. The range of E.coli in shellfish at 1st day after rainfall were 60~210 MPN/100 g. The level of fecal coliform, coliform group and E. coli in land pollutant sources, seawater and shellfish were increased sharply at 1st day after rainfall compare to the day before rainfall. And then, slowly decreased at 3rd day after rainfall, and recovered as level before rainfall at 5th day after rainfall. The total 43 samples (15 samples of land pollutant sources, 4 samples of shellfishes and 24 samples of seawater ) were collected from Gangneung-si. The counts of fecal coliform, coliform group and Escherichia coli in land pollutant sources, seawater and shellfish were evaluated. The range of fecal coliform in land pollutant sources, shellfish and seawater at the day before rainfall were 22~6,200 MPN/100mL, 62~70 MPN/100 gand <1.8~34 MPN/100 mL respectively. The range of coliform group in land pollutant sources, shellfish and seawater at the day before rainfall were 54~35,000 MPN/100 mL, 230~390 MPN/100 g and 6.8~70 MPN/100 mL respectively. The range of E. coli in shellfish at the day before rainfall was 35~54 MPN/100 g. The range of fecal coliform in land pollutant sources, shellfish and seawater at 1st day after rainfall were 49~17,000 MPN/100 mL, 700~1,300 MPN/100 g and <1.8~79 MPN/100 mL respectively. The range of coliform group in land pollutant sources, shellfish and seawater at 1st day after rainfall were 110~54,000 MPN/100 mL, 2,200~5,400 MPN/100 g and 20~180 MPN/100 mL respectively. The range of E.coli in shellfish at 1st day after rainfall were 160~280 MPN/100 g. The level of fecal coliform, coliform group and E. coli in land pollutant sources, shellfish and seawater were increased sharply at 1st day after rainfall compare to the day before rainfall. And then, slowly decreased at 3rd day after rainfall, and recovered as level before rainfall at 5th day after rainfall. The total 73 samples (29 of land pollutants and 44 of seawaters) were collected from Samcheok-si. The range of fecal coliform in seawater was <1.8-2.0 MPN/100 mL before rainfall, but was increased to <1.8-4.5 MPN/100 mL at 1st day after rainfall (55.8 mL/day). And then, the range of fecal coliform in seawater was increased to <1.8-6.8 MPN/100 mL at 3rd day and <1.8-2.0 MPN/100 mL as same level before rainfall at 5th day after rainfall. The influence radius of land pollutant sources affect to shellfish farm was 8 m- 93 m before rainfall, but was increased to 10 m- 98 m at 1st day after rainfall. And then, the influence radius of land pollutant sources was decreased to 6 m- 87 m at 3rd day, and 5 m- 65 m at 5th day after rainfall. In addition, as a result of the seawater evaluation from January 2018 to February 2021, the geometric mean of the count of fecal coliform in Yangyang-gun, Gangneung-si, and northen Samcheok-si were <1.8-4.5 MPN/100 mL, <1.8 –1.8 MPN/100 mL and <1.8-1.8 MPN/100 mL respectively, it is safe for hygiene standard. This is Gangwon-do's average sewage treatment rate is thought to be due to 98.4 % (as of 2020). From above results, the bacteriological quality of seawaters in the shellfish growing area at sea area of Yangyang-gun, Gangneung-si, and northern Samcheok-si were affected mostly by amount of discharge water of land pollutant source and the cell number of fecal coliform. However, although seawater and shellfish in the shellfish production area are affected by rainfall, they are stably maintained according to the Korea Shellfish Sanitation Program (KSSP) standards. These results show that even in the rainy season, bacteria in the shellfish-producing area of Gangwon-do are well managed from soil contaminants. However, it is considered that necessary sewage treatment facilities are supplemented and continuous sanitation management is necessary.
more목차 도움말
Contents
List of tables ⅰ
List of figures v
Ⅰ. 서 론 1
Ⅱ. 재료 및 방법 8
1. 조사대상 해역의 지정학적 특징 8
1.1. 양양북부해역 8
1.2. 양양남부해역 10
1.3. 강릉북부해역 12
1.4. 강릉남부해역 14
1.5. 삼척북부 해역 16
2. 시료 18
2.1. 육상오염원 18
(1) 양양북부해역 18
(2) 양양남부해역 18
(1) 강릉북부해역 21
(2) 강릉남부해역 21
(3) 삼척북부해역 24
2.2. 해수 및 패류 26
(1) 양양북부해역 26
(2) 양양남부해역 26
(3) 강릉북부해역 26
(4) 강릉남부해역 30
(5) 삼척북부해역 30
2.3. 시료 채취 33
(1) 하천수 및 생활하수 33
(2) 해수 및 패류 33
2.4. 하천수와 생활하수의 유량 측정 33
3. 세균수 측정 34
3.1. 배지 34
3.2. 대장균군, 분변계대장균 및 Escherichia coli의 정량분석 34
(1) 대장균군 34
(2) 분변계대장균 37
(3) Escherichia coli 39
4. 해수 및 패류의 평가 41
5. 육상오염원의 패류생산해역에 대한 영향 평가 41
Ⅲ. 결과 및 고찰 43
1. 육상오염원 분포 및 오염도 43
1.1. 양양북부해역 43
1.2. 양양남부해역 46
1.3. 강릉북부해역 49
1.4. 강릉남부해역 52
1.5. 삼척북부해역 55
2. 육상오염원 배출수가 해역에 미치는 범위 58
2.1. 양양북부해역 58
2.2. 양양남부해역 64
2.3. 강릉북부해역 70
2.4. 강릉남부해역 76
2.5. 삼척북부해역 82
3. 강우에 따른 육상오염원이 해역 해수 및 패류에 미치는 영향 평가 87
3.1. 양양북부해역 87
(1) 육상오염원의 확산 범위와 세균학적 수질에 미치는 강우의 영향 87
(2) 패류생산해역 해수의 세균학적 수질에 미치는 강우의 영향 87
(3) 패류생산해역 패류의 세균학적 오염도에 미치는 강우의 영향 88
3.2. 양양남부해역 96
(1) 육상오염원의 확산 범위와 세균학적 수질에 미치는 강우의 영향 96
(2) 패류생산해역 해수의 세균학적 수질에 미치는 강우의 영향 96
(3) 패류생산해역 패류의 세균학적 오염도에 미치는 강우의 영향 97
3.3. 강릉북부해역 105
(1) 육상오염원의 확산 범위와 세균학적 수질에 미치는 강우의 영향 105
(2) 패류생산해역 해수의 세균학적 수질에 미치는 강우의 영향 105
(3) 패류생산해역 패류의 세균학적 오염도에 미치는 강우의 영향 106
3.4. 강릉남부해역 114
(1) 육상오염원의 확산 범위와 세균학적 수질에 미치는 강우의 영향 114
(2) 패류생산해역 해수의 세균학적 수질에 미치는 강우의 영향 114
(3) 패류생산해역 패류의 세균학적 오염도에 미치는 강우의 영향 115
3.5. 삼척북부해역 123
(1) 육상오염원의 확산 범위와 세균학적 수질에 미치는 강우의 영향 123
(2) 패류생산해역 해수의 세균학적 수질에 미치는 강우의 영향 123
(3) 패류생산해역 패류의 세균학적 오염도에 미치는 강우의 영향 124
Ⅳ. 결 론 132
참고문헌 138
Abstract 149
감사의 글 153
