사이코드라마를 통한 불안정 애착 대학생들의 변화 연구
A Study on Changes in University Students with Insecure Attachment through Psychodrama
- 주제(키워드) 사이코드라마 , 심리극 , 불안정애착 , 성장기제
- 발행기관 강릉원주대학교 일반대학원
- 지도교수 채수은
- 발행년도 2015
- 학위수여년월 2015. 8
- 학위명 박사
- 학과 및 전공 일반대학원 교육학과
- 세부전공 교육심리
- 원문페이지 ix, 195
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/kangnung/000000007494
- 본문언어 한국어
초록/요약
The purpose of this study was to empirically examine how undergraduates with insecure attachment type are changed thorough a psychodrama program and to explore a growth mechanism found in the participation in psychodrama. Thirty four undergraduate students with insecure attachment type from the universities located in Gangneung-city, South Korea, were selected. A total of 10 sessions of psychodrama program were conducted to the experiment group of 17 participants. Control group included the remaining 17 undergraduates who showed insecure attachment type but did not participate in the program. The psychodrama program was composed of 10 sessions: the sessions one and two contained activities for establishing confidence and building a secure base; from the sessions three to nine, a warming-up step considering elements of the participants’ internal working model, an action step conducting the psychodrama of spontaneous protagonist, and a sharing step in which participants share their experiences with the protagonist were developed and used at each session; and at the final session 10, a ritual was performed to reinforce perception of the participants’ own self, others, and relationships with others. Soon after the program, the participants in the experiment group reported their experiences acquired from the psychodrama sessions, which were followed by individual in-depth interviews for the 17 experiment group members in 5 weeks later. A mixed method including qualitative and quantitative analysis was conducted. For a quantitative analysis, a matched pair t test was implemented comparing pre-test and post-test scores, with regard to changes of attachment, emotional intelligence, psychological well-being in the participants. For a qualitative analysis, change of the participants’ experiences was investigated. Subjective meanings and change patterns of the experiences, then were analyzed by applying a qualitative case study method to the transcripts gathered from the individual in-depth interview data and the experience reports. Growth mechanism of the participants emerged in measuring the student’s changes on the scale of therapeutic elements of psychodrama and analyzing the scale scores using a qualitative case study method. The quantitative analysis showed significant decrease of the participants’ avoidance and anxiety but significant increase of their emotional intelligence and psychological well-being as a result of the participation in the program. Decrement of the students’ avoidance and anxiety were interpreted as their attachment level became stabilized. In contrast, their psychological well-being shown in the positive personal relationship and emotional intelligence increased over the course of psychodrama programs. The result of qualitative analysis showed that the Korean college students with insecure attachment type experienced various changes, of which several things were very meaningful during the psychodrama session. The change can be categorized into four patterns: ⓛ change from 'negative self-representation' to 'positive self-representation' in terms of recognition of themselves; ② change from 'negative other-representation' to 'positive other-representation' in recognition of others; ③ change from 'low emotional intelligence' to 'high emotional intelligence'; and ④ change from 'closed/avoidant relationship' to 'open/intimate relationship' regarding personal relationships with others. The participation in the psychodrama program seemed to result in positive changes in the students’ self-representation that regard whether I am a valuable existence enough to be loved by others and representation of others reflecting whether I recognize others as responsive and accessible ones. This implies that the inner working model of the students is a focal factor in establishing attachment and the psychological representation for self and others was also positively corrected. In terms of the emotion, expression, regulation and recognition of feelings, reportedly major changes through the psychodrama, were matched with focal elements constituting theory of emotional intelligence. Therefore, the result from the qualitative analysis was consistent with what was found in the quantitative analysis. The emotional intelligence of undergraduate students with insecure attachment type appeared to develop during the program. The participants’ personal relationship pattern also positively developed. In general, ones’ personal relationship is a core element with which one can achieve psychological well-being. This change seemed to be experienced by the students as their negative inner working model was changed into a positive after the program. Their anxiety and avoidance levels decreased in the personal relationship. This supports findings from the quantitative analysis that the level of attachment was stabilized due to the reduction of anxiety and avoidance. In sum, the level of attachment might be changed from insecure to secure state, as anxiety caused by negative representation of self and avoidance by negative representation of others decreased and the inner working model for personal relationship worked more positively than before. This change seemed to lead to overall positive changes in the pattern of personal relationship and the psychological well-being. The analysis of experience reports and in-depth interview data by using the therapeutic factor of psychodrama as the scale of measurement and applying qualitative case study method provided an examination of the growth mechanism of the Korean college students’ changes and growths as a result of participation in psychodrama. The study result indicted importance of group dynamics and interrelation within the group. The collective actions during the psychodrama programs provided the participants with emotional purification, and fulfillment of their own desires, and new perception, and understanding of themselves and others. During this process of mind changes, self-esteem and self-expansion might work as a inner mechanism. On the basis of the analysis as above, the 'growth model of undergraduate students with insecure attachment through psychodrama' was designed and suggested. The model explains a working process of inner mechanism promoting changes and developments before/after and during the period of psychodrama for the college students with insecure attachment.
more목차
Ⅰ. 서 론 1
1. 연구의 목적 및 필요성 1
2. 연구문제 8
3. 용어의 정의 10
Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 12
1. 애착이론 12
2. 정서지능 22
3. 심리적 안녕감 26
4. 사이코드라마 31
Ⅲ. 연구방법 37
1. 연구대상 37
2. 측정도구 39
3. 연구절차 46
4. 자료 분석 방법 57
Ⅳ. 결 과 64
1. 변화의 양적 분석 결과 64
2. 변화경험의 질적 분석 결과 78
3. 성장기제 분석 결과 127
4. 변화경험 패턴 141
5. 불안정애착 대학생들의 사이코드라마를 통한 성장모형 145
Ⅴ. 결 론 149
1. 요약 149
2. 결론 및 논의 152
참고문헌 170
부 록 182
