雪嶽山 國立公園 探訪客의 親環境行動意圖에 대한 硏究
A study on Seoraksan National Park Visitors' Pro-environmental Behaviour Intention
- 주제(키워드) 설악산 , 국립공원 , 친환경행동 , 행동의도 , 가치신념규범이론
- 발행기관 강릉원주대학교 일반대학원
- 지도교수 주영환
- 발행년도 2014
- 학위수여년월 2015. 2
- 학위명 박사
- 학과 및 전공 일반대학원 관광학과
- 원문페이지 iv, 108
- 실제URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/kangnung/000000006957
- 본문언어 한국어
초록/요약
ABSTRACT A study on Seoraksan National Park Visitors' Pro-environmental Behavior Intention Ryu, dong-gyun Department of Tourism Studies Graduate School, Gangneung-Wonju National University Tourism may have a negative impact on natural environments intentionally or unintentionally via various routes such as transportation, accommodation, and other recreation activities. This means that, as people participate in tourism activities, there might occur many kinds of conflicts between the development and conservation of natural spaces. Thus, it is necessary that the managers or directors of national parks should have plans to minimize such conflicts. In particular, considering the fact that a significant and ultimate agent who produces direct impacts on natural and cultural resources of national parks is the “individual itself” who takes part in leisure or travel activities in the parks, it is necessary to improve the individual’s environmental consciousness or to promote the individual’s pro-environmental behavior to manage national parks effectively. In spite of the importance of this aspect, few research has touched this issue. This research aimed to examine influential factors on Seolaksan National Park visitors' pro-environmental behavior intention and to draw out some practical implications needed to effective national parks management by investigating relationships among constructs suggested. In order to achieve this purpose, I made a theoretical review on the pro-environmental behavior of national park visitors, the theory of planned behavior, norm related theories, and the extended theory of planned behavior, suggested a research model and hypothesis, reviewing some related literature, and developed a self-administerd questionnaire based upon previous studies, which can measure the constructs involved in the research model. I conducted an on-site survey with conveniently selected sample at Seolaksan National Park from June 20, 2014 to August 31, 2014. I collected a total of 354 questionnaires, but used 315 responses for data analysis after getting rid of 39 uncompleted questionnaires. I made an analysis of the data with SPSS 20.0, especially analyzing the demographic and behavioral characteristics of the respondents with descriptive statistics (e.g., frequency analysis, mean, standard deviation). For validity and reliability checks of the measurement items, I implemented principal component analyses with varimax rotations, Cronbach’s α, and confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, I used AMOS 21.0 to check fit indices of research model and to test research hypotheses. Major results were followings: first, major demographic characteristics of the respondents were male, in their 40s, married, employees of companies, and Gangwon Do or Kyonggi Do/Incheon residents. Major behavioral characteristics of the respondents showed that major activities involved were mountain climbing, sight seeing of natural beauty, walking, and resting. Second, according to the confirmatory factor analysis, the measurement items and the research model were found to be appropriate and reliable. Furthermore, the fit indices of the research model were also shown to be appropriate. Third, according to hypotheses tests, the respondents pro-environment related personal norm was significantly influenced by subjective norm and perceived behavioral control, but not by individuals’ attitude toward the environment. On the other hand, individuals’ attitude toward the environment, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control had significant influences on pro-environment behavior intention of Seolaksan National Park visitors. Several practical implications based on the resutls were the followings. First, as the most influential factor on national park visitors’ pro-environmental behavior was found to be personal norms, national park managers should develop various programs which help visitors have moral obligations for environmental protection and conservation via providing national park visitors with on-site education (e.g., environmental issues confronted by human kinds, ecological orders of natural or cultural resources in national parks, environmental destruction problems brought by individual visitors’ unconscious behaviors, etc.). Second, national park managers should encourage visitors’ pro-environmental behaviors with the carrots (i.e., material or monetary rewards for separate garbage collection) and the sticks (i.e., giving a penalty for garbage abandonment or depreciative behavior against natural, historical, and cultural resources). Third, national park managers should make the visitors recognize that everyone has enough skills and resources needed for pro-environmental behaviors since pro-environmental behaviors do not necessarily require big efforts but small efforts such as throwing away garbage at dump yard or picking up garbage. In addition, research limitations and future research directions were finally discussed.
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제 1 장 서 론 1
제 1 절 문제의 제기 1
제 2 절 연구의 목적 3
제 3 절 연구방법과 범위 4
제 2 장 이론적 고찰 7
제 1 절 국립공원 7
1. 국립공원의 개념 7
2. 보호구역으로서의 국립공원 10
3. 국립공원 관리 정책 13
4. 국립공원에 대한 선행 연구 16
제 2 절 친환경행동의 개념과 영향요인 23
1. 친환경행동의 정의 23
2. 친환경행동 측정 도구 25
3. 친환경행동의 영향요인 28
제 3 절 계획행동이론과 규범이론 28
1. 계획행동이론 29
2. 규범이론 36
제 3 장 연구설계 45
제 1 절. 연구모형 및 연구가설 45
1. 연구모형 45
2. 연구가설 46
제 2 절 변수의 조작적 정의와 설문지 구성 53
1. 변수의 조작적 정의 53
2. 설문지 구성 55
제 3 절 자료 수집과 분석 58
1. 자료의 수집 58
2. 자료의 분석 59
제 4 장 실증 분석 60
제 1 절 응답자의 일반적 특성 60
제 2 절 측정 도구에 대한 탐색적 요인분석 및 신뢰도 63
제 3 절 측정모형에 대한 확인적 요인 분석 71
제 4 절 연구모형에 대한 적합도 및 가설 검증 73
제 5 장 결론 79
제 1 절 연구 결과의 요약 및 시사점 79
제 2 절 연구의 한계 및 제언 84
참 고 문 헌 86
ABSTRACT 101
설문지 104
