『몰타섬의 유대인』과 『베니스의 상인』의 타자 연구
A Study on the Other in The Jew of Malta and The Merchant of Venice
- 발행기관 강릉대학교 일반대학원
- 지도교수 이혜경
- 발행년도 2008
- 학위수여년월 2008. 8
- 학위명 석사
- 학과 및 전공 영어영문학과
- 원문페이지 64 p.
- 본문언어 한국어
초록/요약
Christopher Marlowe's The Jew of Malta (1564-1593) is a work written ten years ear lier than William Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice (1564-1616). Despite a similarity in the stories, the two writers present a message to audiences by creating each character style differently. Previously, the Christians felt a hostile emotion because they thought a Jew intentionally killed the Messiah Jesus and the Jew got a lot of wealth with a loan at high interest prohibited by Christians. This social background has become a reason that the Christians hold the Jew in contempt and under pressure. The Jew experienced suffering and as a result has become "the Other" who was excluded and alienated from the Christianity society. This shows that the Christians' oppression and contempt are not a problem of the Jews' evil act but a problem of the prejudice and fixed idea promoting social inequality. Malta and Venice, the backgrounds in The Jew of Malta and The Merchant of Venice, are trade cities which are becoming capitalistic societies where most people are filled with the desire of wealth. The human loses natural value with excessive desire of wealth and the success of wealth and goods are the best object of human life. In this society, the Jews Barabas and Shylock accumulate a lot of money with a loan at high interest and the Christians think unsatisfactory of the Jews' wealth. As a result, the Christians rob and extort the Jew's fortune as an unfair method and furthermore threaten Jews' life. Barabas and Shylock are becoming the other from society due to the Christians' threats and persecution. Barabas and Shylock continually experience the conflict with the Christians' unjust requirements and discrimination. Barabas and Shylock choose a revenge to solve the conflict. Barabas in The Jew of Malta kills the Christians threatening him. Barabas changes the Machiavellian villain who feels the pleasure in evil acts by murdering over and over again. Shylock in The Merchant of Venice wants to kill Antonio at this chance so as not to keep a contract. Although the Christians attempt to request and to prevent him, Shylock continually asks for the Christian's life. When the Christian is aside, they are villains who disserve and threaten the Christians. They are the others who the Christian society should get rid of, so the Christians don't divide ways and means to ruin the others. Barabas falls down the fire caldron caused by Christian Ferneze's double-trick. Shylock is in a situation in which he loses the whole fortune and converts to Christianity due to the selfish judgment of the Christians. Two of the others resisting the Christians are ruined by the Christians. In the process of the others' ruin, the Christians show the inhuman and unethical behaviors. The Christians want to escape fear and threaten cruel methods to get rid of the others. The ruin of Barabas and Shylock reveals the Christians contradiction and duplicity. This paper is shown three significantly divided parts in the Christian and the Jew experience. The first part shows the conflict experienced with the Christians as the other Barabas and Shylock. The second part shows the process whereby the others choose revenge due to the conflict and they practice the revenge. Finally, the third part shows the Christians' duplicity and brutal nature in the previously mentioned situations and the process that the others resisting the Christianity power are ruined exhaustively. Barabas is a typical villainous Jew representative of the Elizabeth age. Barabas revenges for his safety and peace although his revenge is minute and planned. Marlowe draws a cruel villain Barabas and expresses the Christians alike as the villain. The Jew of Malta represents the Jew as one who followed a fixed idea of society in those days and the cruel Christians as those who pressed the Jew. This work reappears and shows the English society a mocking and realistic view of those days. However, Shakespeare describes the villain Shylock to ask for the lawful murder of the Christian. Shylock's revenge happens in accord with Antonio's nonfulfillment of the contract and Shylock's emotional unbalance. The revenge speaks for the whole of Jewish community. In this process, Shylock reveals his complex mental state and pain. Shakespeare keeps a fixed idea in those days as well as evokes sympathy about the Jew and in contrast shows the Christians' brutal nature. The people in those days are able to reflect on Shylock and the Christians' brutal nature and therefore reconsider the contradiction and duplicity in the Christianity society. Marlowe and Shakespeare expose the Christians' false and hypocrisy for Barabas and Shylock. The Jews can render his pressed inner world by resisting the Christians. Though the resistance causes the others' ruin, their ruin is the opportunity to show the false contradiction of the Christians. Two writers criticize and satirize the duplicity of the Christianity society from the other called the Jew.
more목차
Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
Ⅱ. 본론 = 6
1. 타자의 갈등 = 6
1) 생존권 위협에 의한 갈등 = 6
2) 유대인 편견에 의한 갈등 = 13
2. 타자의 복수 = 22
1) 마키아벨리적 악인 바라바스 = 22
2) 동정적 악인 샤일록 = 31
3. 타자의 파멸 = 40
1) 바리바스의 인과응보적 죽음 = 40
2) 샤일록의 공동체 부재 = 47
Ⅲ. 결론 = 55
인용문헌 = 61
Abstract = 63
